- Rohtash Kumar
- Sumit K. Ghosh
- Subhajit Sinha
- R. Islam
- P. Sanyal
- R. P. Tiwari
- J. Malsawma
- B. R. Arora
- V. C. Thakur
- V. Kumaravel
- N. Siva Siddaiah
- P. Lalnuntluanga
- A. Badekar
- D. C. Meshram
- Y. R. Kulkarni
- S. S. Gudadhe
- D. B. Malpe
- M. A. Herlekar
- Suman Rawat
- N. R. Phadtare
- N. Suresh
- A. G. Badekar
- Jyotibala Singh
- P. D. Sabale
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Sangode, S. J.
- Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy of the Siwalik Sequence of Haripur area (H.P), NW Himalaya
Authors
1 Palaeomagnetics Laboratory, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun-248001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 47, No 6 (1996), Pagination: 683-704Abstract
A 2375 m thick sequence consisting of sandstone-mudstone alterations was sampled for magnetic polarity stratigraphy in Somb Nadi and its tributary, Jamni-Khol in the Haripur area of Himachal Pradesh. 200 palaeomagnetic sampling sites were selected from 45 overbank intervals of fluvial cycles. Only fine-grained sediments were sampled to get the ideal results from stable single domain grains. Progressive thermal demagnetization was carried out at intervals of 25, 50 and/or 100°C. A considerably stable secondary remanant magnetization was removed above 450°C with the isolation of characteristic remnant magnetization component at 600°C. Corrected mean directions for the normal and the reversed sites are D = 349°, I= 28° and D = 168°, I= -28°, respectively. The Tatrot/Pinjor faunal event is recognised on the local magnetic polarity time scale at 2.6 Ma (1685 m level) and the Middle to Upper Siwalik transition (Dhok Pathan/Tatrot boundry) at 5.26 Ma (500 m level), approximately. Predominance of piedmont depositional system at around 3.2 Ma (1450 m level) suggests uplift and denudation of the Outer Leesser Himalaya during this period. First record of the Pre-Tertiary clast-dominated conglomerate is observed at 2.6 Ma and that of Tertiary clast-dominated conglomerate at 1.76 Ma. An average rate of sedimentation of 45 cm/1000 years was observed till 2.6 Ma. Further, it shows increasing and decreasing trend after 2.6 Ma with a maximum value of 54 cm/1000 years and a minimum of 8 cm/1000 years sediment accumulation.Keywords
Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy, Geophysics, Siwalik, Himachal Pradesh.- Role of Tectono-Climatic Factors in the Neogene Himalayan Foreland Sediments: Petrology and Geochemical Approach, Kangra Sub-Basin
Authors
1 Sedimentology Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun - 248 001, IN
2 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721 302, IN
3 Department of Geology, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 71, No 6 (2008), Pagination: 787-807Abstract
The Neogene Siwahk fluvial succession (12 77-4 48 Ma) of the NW Himalayan foreland basin, east of Ravi River, are deposited under varied Tectono-Climatic conditions. Petrography and geochemistry of the sediments were carried out to understand the relative roles of tectonics and climate in this basin.The sandstones are classified as sub-litharenites with subordinate arkosic-graywacke. The dental components particularly the rock fragments are consistent with the inferred source area presently disposed towards the north of the depocenter and suggest that the Higher, Lesser and Lower Tertiary formations supplied detntus since 12 77 Ma. The Th/Sc vs. Zr/Sc ratio indicates sediment recycling. The Cr and Ni, negative Eu anomaly, LREE enrichment and moderately flat HREE in the mudstones collectively suggest dominant contribution from felsic igneous rocks beside contribution from basic, sedimentary/metamorphic hithology. Near consistent nature of the dental modes and geochemical parameters through time suggest unvarying source since 12 77 Ma.The present study also infers that the source areas uplift owing to tectonic activity of Chad Thrust at least by 12 77 Ma with a perceptible activity of MBT after 8 Ma.
The 5180 variations in soil carbonates reveals ongoing intense monsoon system since 12 77 Ma followed by a phase of aridity at 91 Ma. Presence of fresh and weathered feldspar, limestone, basic volcamcs and mica, both in humid and arid phase indicate rapid deposition and preservation. Despite the climatic turnover from humid to arid, distinctive changes in the framework mineral compositions over time is not discernable.
The petrographic and geochemical data reveals that the near similar source area, relatively rapid transport, moderate chemical weathering and sediment recycling controlled the composition of the sediments of the HFB in response to tectonics and climate.
Keywords
Climate, Provenance, Tectonics, Himalayan Foreland Basin, Siwahk, Kangra.- Magnetostratigraphy of a Part of Middle Bhuban Sequence (Surma Group), Aizawl, Mizoram
Authors
1 Department of Geology, Mizoram University, Aizawl - 796009, IN
2 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 General Mahadev Singh Road, Dehradun - 248 001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 70, No 4 (2007), Pagination: 667-674Abstract
A 560 m thick rock succession of Middle Bhuban Formation (Surma Group) exposed between Bawngkawn and Durtlang, Aizawl, Mizoram has been studied for its magnetostratigraphic attributes. A total of 7 normal and 7 reverse magneto-Zones have been delineated in this section. The GPTS correlated ages of this section lie between -21.77 Ma (at the base) to ∼15.16 Ma (at the top) with a total duration of ∼6.6 Ma. The GPTS event C6n occurring at the stratigraphic level between 146 m to 266 m may be considered for basin wide correlation as it is the longest normal event that has been recorded with greater confidence i. e. better alpha- 95. The average sediment accumulation rate (SAR) estimated for this section is 8.48 cm/Ka. Overall the SAR is higher in the lower part of the section with a spike of 26.8 cm/Ka at <21 Ma. The decrease in SAR to 2.1 cm/Ka at around 18 Ma in the upper part of the section may be investigated for possible hiatus.Keywords
Magnetostratigraphy, Sediment Accumulation Rate (SAR), Surma Group, Middle Bhuban Formation, Aizawl, Mizoram.- Manifestation of Intra - Foreland Thrusting in the Neogene Himalayan Foreland Basin Fill
Authors
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology P. 0. Box 74, Dehra Dun - 248 001, Uttaranchal, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 59, No 6 (2002), Pagination: 547-560Abstract
Neogene basin fills of the Middle and Upper Siwalik Subgroup in the central sector of Indian foreland basin record changes in fluvial architecture, dispersal pattern and provenance in response to deformation and uplift of the frontal Himalaya. The 2.4 km thick Neogene Siwalik succession in the Subathu sub-basin exposed in the vicinity of Nahan Thyst (intra-foreland thrust or IFT) shows fine-to medium-grained grey sandstones of multi-storey, sheet type deposited by transverse trunk rivers. These sandstones are gradually replaced by fine- grained buff sandstone of ribbon type deposited by relatively small piedmont rivers. A significant change in sediment dispersal from SE to SW is observed at 5.5 Ma for grey sandstone and to SE around 4.8 Ma for buff sandstone. Both the sandstones are lithic arenites with dominance of sedimentary rock fragments in the buff sandstone. The filling pattern and occurrence of softsediment deformation structures, particularly between 4.8 and 2.6 Ma, indicate tectonically controlled re-organisation of drainage pattern and gradual change in source area from Lesser Himalayan to Sub-Himalayan regions. These changes after 4.8 Ma are mainly governed by intra-foreland thrust activity, which resulted in partitioning of foreland basin. Further, a significant overlap of Tertiary clast-bearing conglomerate with that of pre-Tertiary clast-bearing conglomerate at around 1.77 Ma shows a major reactivation along IFT.Keywords
Foreland Basin, Himachal Pradesh, Subathu Sub-Basin, Intra-Foreland Thrust, Magnetostratigraphy, Fluvial Architecture.- Major Element Geochemical Variations in a Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Paleosol Sequence: Implications to Soil Forming Processes in the Himalayan Foreland Basin
Authors
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33, General Mahadeo Singh Road, Dehra Dun - 248 001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 73, No 6 (2009), Pagination: 759-772Abstract
Elemental mobility based on major element geochemistry from 58 horizons related to six paleosols profiles in a typical Miocene – Pliocene Siwalik fluvial sequence in the NW Himalaya has been reported here. The paleosols developed over felsic parent material of fine to medium grained sandstone indicate notable enrichment of sesquioxides (Al2O3 = 29% and Fe2O3 = 54%) depicting significant leaching and dissolution. The depletion of base cations (mean wt% of Na2O = 0.24; CaO = 0.51) and SiO2 (mean wt% = 63.6) in the pedogenic layers and its enrichment in the parental material (mean wt% of Na2O = 0.44; CaO = 1.3; SiO2 = 70.1) shows a good gradient of elemental mobility due to pedogenesis. Bivariate plots of the base ratios (Na2O/K2O, CaO/K2O, and MgO/K2O) vs. Al2O3 reveal independent distribution for parent material, pedogenic horizons and the incipient zone indicating the gradual addition/removal of immobile/mobile elements with varying pedogenesis. Discontinuous and segmented pattern of the geochemical parameters enables discrimination of multiple pedogenic episodes and recognition of soil welding processes in the multistorey composite paleosols. We also test the applicability of the geochemical climofunctions: the Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) and Mean Annual Temperature (MAT); that demands more data for calibration in the Siwalik paleosols.Keywords
Siwaliks, Mio-Pliocene, Paleosols, Geochemistry, Climate, Himalaya.References
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- Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy of the Bhuban Succession, Surma Group, Tripura-Mizoram Accretionary Belt
Authors
1 Department of Geology, Mizoram University, Aizawl - 796 009, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Pune, Pune - 411 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 76, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 119-133Abstract
A 1355 m thick Bhuban sequence exposed along Tuirial section in the Aizawl district, Mizoram has been studied for magnetostratigraphic and rock magnetic attributes. The study reveals mono-mineral nature of the rocks with magnetite in the range of Stable Single Domain (SSD) showing the most favourable mineralogy to produce authentic (Natural Remanent Magnetization) NRM directions. Using routine demagnetization methods we reveal a total of 7 normal magneto-zones in the studied part of the Tuirial section. Correlation of the observed polarity with GPTS gives ages ~12.5 Ma to ~8 Ma. A notable increase in the rate of sedimentation at ~9.5 Ma (~750 m level in the section) indicates facies change from turbidite like sequence to pro-delta system. Detailed sedimentologic work is under progress to relate the magnetostratigraphy to understand some of the basin evolutionary processes.Keywords
Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy, Magnetic Mineralogy, Sediment Accumulation Rate, Bhuban Succession, Surma Group, Tuirial Section, Mizoram.- Mineral Magnetic Characterization of Archeological Potsherds:An Example from the Deccan Province, Western Maharashtra, India
Authors
1 Department of Geology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, IN
2 Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, Pune 411 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 251-259Abstract
The ancient (archaeological) and modern potsherds sourced from Deccan basaltic soils and sediments at selected sites in the Bhima and Godavari river basins of the western Maharashtra, India, show characteris-tic mineral magnetic properties. High magnetic sus-ceptibilities (χ lf) for the Deccan-sourced sherds enable their distinction from other sources in the region. The modern pottery sourced from Deccan soils shows sig-nificant lower χ lf than ancient pottery in the region, which further shows lower χ lf than the associated soils (/sediments) due to successive removal of detrital grains as a function of improvement in the pre-processing techniques. The ancient and modern pot-teries show higher superparamagnetic content that is otherwise absent in the source, suggesting its neo-formation during firing. High hematite content in modern pottery relative to ancient pottery further in-dicates higher oxidative firing in the former. Based on close examination of Isothermal Remanence Magneti-zation (IRM) acquisition rates, we suggest the ratios: IRM1.8 mT/IRM0.3–0.025 mT and HIRM/SoftIRM along with other routine mineral magnetic parameters to esti-mate the relative degree of oxidative heating, source discrimination and the levels of pre-processing of raw material amongst the Deccan-sourced pottery. The present approach being rapid and economic, a large quantitative database can be generated from the pot-sherds for detailed characterization of these archaeo-logical materials.Keywords
Ancient Pottery, Basaltic Soils And Sedi-Ments, Mineral Magnetism, Modern Potsherds.References
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